Marine compass.



' 1 '0 all whom it may concern:

PATENT OFFICE.

HARRY HERTZBERG, or RRoKLYfu ,]i-IEwIYoR ASSIGNOR TO manor A. LOW, 01HORSESHOE, EW, YoRK, MAURICE .'-'LwoHL, or YORK, N. Y., AND HARRYHERTZBERG, or BROOKLYN, NE -.Y RK, r UsrEEs.

- MARnmooaiRAss.

Be it known that-I, HAI mYI-IsR'rzBnRma citizen of the United States,residin in the city of New York, borou h of -Broolrlvn,"in z thecounty'of Kings and tate of NewYork, have invented a certain new anduseful- Marine Compass, of which the following is, a specification.

The subject matter of this application isa division of a prior aplication filed by me on Aug. 14, 1906, Seria No. 830,613, for aninvention appertainin to Steering a pa-- rates for marine vesse s,torpedoes, an the like. v

The invention is a compass for use in con-. nection with, or as a partof, a system for steering marine vessels, tor edoes, and any or allclasses of-marine cra The object in view isafdead-beat com-'. pass whichwillnot'respo'nd to, or be in-" lluenced by, the motion or pitching ofthe craft, nor oscillate when the craft is changin its course. I

ore particularl the compass of this 1n-5 vention is ,adapte .for'use inconnection; with an electrically-operated steering. gear or system, thecircuit terminals of which are located externally to the compass inorder to preclude an electrical current from aifecting the liquid resentin the compass cham-, ber, whereby isruption of the compass by.-expansion of the li uid due to the action of an electric current tereon' is obviated. 3.}

In theaccompanyin drawings, -I-=have. illustrated one ractica embodimentof the invention, butt e'constructi'onshown there-1 in is to beunderstood as illustrative only, and not as defining the limitsof theinven-, tion.

.. i Figure Lisa rtical: section, partly-in elevation, illustrating amarine ,compassiof the Navygstandar v my invention, theplane' ofthezsection be ng indicated b the irre'gularl'dotted lined- 1 of Fi 2.1l ig. 21is aplan view 'of, the c o' m-' pass s ownin A designatesjone ofrings, the iother late bein mounted bytheu by t compass-jis5adaptedttog'be nianipu l,.

freely on the aforesaid plate, and said plate,

Specification of Letters Patent. Original application filed August-14,190e, SeriaLNp,

" Serial No. 876,726. i

is composed of a float, D, apgropriate pattern" embodying i PatentedApr. 9, 1912. 330,613. Dlvld edand this application filed May 31,

A,"'carries a com ass box or casing, B, of the form' shown int cdrawings' The casing is provided at its bottom with a counter weight, b,and the upper part of said casing 1s closed bya transparent cover, b,composed of, glass or other suitable material.

he casing is adapted to be filled or charged with a suitable hquid, asshown in Fig. 1, and within said casing is a vertical staff, 0, thelatter being adapted to support a magnetic needle'which is movablefreely on the staff, the'latter beingthe center 0 oscillation ofsaidneedle. Said magnetic needle ermanent magnets, E, and a 'a Saidmagnets, the float andthe dial bein secured rigidl together and mountedloose on the staff or rotation freely thereon. he permanent magnets areshown in full and dotted lines in the drawings, and they are arran ed inthe same horizontal-plane,prefera ly below the dial, E. .It is referredto provide the float with a centralbearing formed by-a jewel, and to.point the upper end of y the fixed stafi, C, whereby the float themagnets -andthe dial may turn freely on the pointeduppe'r end of thestaff The float, of relieving the sta from-the weight of .the magnets,thus allowing the needle to ,turn easily and freely on said staff. This.floatisassociated with the dial, E, and with the permanent-magnets insuch a way that said float forms a part of the magnetic needle... .Asshown in Fig.1, the hollow float, D,= andthe jdial E', constitutepractically oneelemena'and theme nets: are secured to the'underside ofthe dia said float being p'rovidedwith' a'jewel fitted loosely on the'stafl',*C. a a

The boxior casingB, is inscribed or roflvide'd in anysuita e way withthe ubber1i1ine,-,;;.with which is ada ted to coop- 'rate; thediaLfE'LSaid dia is provided with? a chart which is inscribed to indicatethe-cardinal points, the steering points and the-idegrees-ofia circle,in,'the .manner well understood bythosskilled'in the art.

An important feature of this: invention re sides in jmeans'forconcentrating the. magnetisrn of the reslpectiveipoles of thepermanent magnets, w One means for accomplishing this-purpose are thestraps, F, F,

D isem loyed for the purpose which are composed of a "piecefof, softiron attachedto. the end'portions of said'perma ne'nt magnets.The:straps are bentas'at'f, f. to form 1 the terminals 'whichfare' anorth magnetic and a south magnetic p'olet respectively, whereby saidstraps-or'ba'rsare con-.-

- verted by themagnetism' of the elements, E,"

into a permanent -magnetso ,that, the ele ments,'1C,' F, F, constitutethe ma netic needle of the compass l The ring, is fitted looselyaroundthc box or casing,. B,'" thelatter being adapted to turn freelywithin said ring, A- supporting arm, g,' extends.foutwardly from the.ring,*G, said arm being jointed as nt'g' to form an'outer -foldable' oradjustable member, 9. This member supports a vertical pivot, It, of aswitch bar or arm, H, which is mounted on the arm, g,

and its member, g. The switch bar, H, constitutes the controller of anelectric circuit by which a helm of a marine craft is adapted to bemoved in one directionor the other, substantially as disclosed in therior application to which reference has een made. Said switch bar or armis located externally to the casing, B, and to the submerged magneticneedle which is contained-within said casing. -As shown, the arm, H,occupies a substantially horizontal position above'the supporting arm,and said arm is hungat a point interme iate of its length .by theaforesaid pivot, h, so that the arm may oscillate freely in' ahorizontal planeqfl-The externally located switch element has one endarrangedquite close to the casing, 13,130 as to be 0 posite the'north'magnetic-pole of the needle and said element isadapted to be influenceof said magnetic needle. It is preferredto ,make the-"switeh 'ibaryH,ofnon-n'ui netic material, but the end of said bar whic lies next to thecasin is provided 'with a soft iron pole'pie'ce, the latter being underthe influence of sai magnetic needle,-whereb the movementof theneedleinonediree. honor the other will-cause itheswitchjzbarv to be"corres ondingly 1 shifted "for the; purose of p ranchesof alihe mcontrolling, e ectricjeircuit. The endof the pivoted switch bar op'-'posite to' the soft iro'n' pole piece,fih ,f is'j ar-' l t p ay=betweentheter minalgarg n; facts; 3' from which;lead ;,thej condaetqrg;a I, I,.whichv'fconductors"formtwd i 'd end ent. branches of .an electriccircuit d eii fi gtzolsfr e erihftdfsw tc il is moved in anfopposite'direction traction of the magnetic needle, the other b deviations in'theipo'sition;

c osin -and-w o enin -ce'rtain "S111 cir-. cuit havingl 'a tf-returnf"conductor, F, t'whiclix is'attached to the pivot-,**h,'of ,the switch'arma or; bar, When-she; bar,";" H, iisshiftedin one directioni by. the"action'pfFtli'ef ma netic end ofthe switch barmakes the contact, i,

,andthereby closes the other branch of said electric circuit through theconductors, I I -.It is"fdesired to state that the switch bar is"normall free from engagement with both contacts z 2' so that'the switchbar occupics a neutral position between the aforesaid contacts. v

, When the course of a vessel is determined upon, the steeringapparatususcd in connection with the compass herein describedoperatesautomatically to guide or direct the vessel in a substantiallystraight course, but theactionof currents and the motion of waves on thecraft, changes the course of the vessel in one direction or the other,so that the magnetic needle will dip one way or -.the other, whereuponthe switch bar engages with one of the contacts, as i, for closmg onebranch of electric circuit so as to actuate the steering engine in a wayto restore the vessel to its course. Similarly,

the deflection of the needle in an opposite direction makes the switchbar, H, engage the other contact,'z", for the purpose of closin theother branch of the aforesaid electric circuit'and'a ain' operate thesteering, engine, and to shi t the helm, thus restoring thevessel' onits course. The deviation of the'Hcraft-froma predetermined course iscomparatively slight for the reason that the com ass acts to'at onceoperate thesteering Jmec ianism automatically so as to move the helmpromptly and thereby correct the path of thevessel. 1- .v

'- For .the purpose of steerin the craft by hand, the tring,-G,'may be sifted around the casing,'il B, for which pur ose said ring is providedwith-suitable han les, M. Said ring is provided, also, with acounterpoisc, m, whie is made adjustable by screwing it on a threadedstem, m, the latter being fastened to the ring, G. Said counterpoisobalances the casin against the weight. of

'thejp'arts-containe on thearm, 9. It is evident that the handle or'handles, M, may

be manipulatedv uite easily for turning the G, around t 10 casing, B,and provision 4 marinei gcompa'ss having a 'box or mg daptedgtocontam'a'11 1nd, a magnetic needle'mountedwithin saic box, means 1n ,co 6perat vc-r'elationto the magnet-1c needle"for-augmenting the sensitivencss ofsaid needle and a circuit controller positioned externally of thecompass box, said 2. A marine, compass having a box '.or.

casing adapted to-contain a liquid, a staff, permanent magnets rotatableon said staff, and soft iron straps in cooperative relation to the polesof said magnets and shaped to produce terminals of opposite polarity.

3. A marine compass having a box or casing adapted to contain a liquid,a staff, permanent magnets rotatable on said staff, soft iron straps incooperative relation to the poles of said magnet, said straps being socomposed of a phtoted soft iron switch bar adapted to operate a helmcontrolling device, said switch bar being operated by said ma nets.

n testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

HARRY HERTZBERG.

\ Witnesses: R. C. R. BINDER,

J ossm F. GAmcn.

Copiea of thin patent may be obtained (or iive cents each, by addressingthe "Commissioner of Patents.

' waahington, I). 0."

